如何创建:自定义选择菜单
学习如何使用 CSS 和 JavaScript 创建自定义选择框。
自定义选择框
默认:
自定义:
创建自定义选择菜单
第一步 - 添加 HTML:
<!-- 用 "custom-select" DIV 元素包围 select 框。记得设置宽度: -->
<div class="custom-select" style="width:200px;">
<select>
<option value="0">Select car:</option>
<option value="1">Audi</option>
<option value="2">BMW</option>
<option value="3">Citroen</option>
<option value="4">Ford</option>
<option value="5">Honda</option>
<option value="6">Jaguar</option>
<option value="7">Land Rover</option>
<option value="8">Mercedes</option>
<option value="9">Mini</option>
<option value="10">Nissan</option>
<option value="11">Toyota</option>
<option value="12">Volvo</option>
</select>
</div>
第二步 - 添加 CSS:
/* 容器必须相对定位: */
.custom-select {
position: relative;
font-family: Arial;
}
.custom-select select {
display: none; /* 隐藏原始 SELECT 元素: */
}
.select-selected {
background-color: DodgerBlue;
}
/* 设置选择元素内箭头的样式: */
.select-selected:after {
position: absolute;
content: "";
top: 14px;
right: 10px;
width: 0;
height: 0;
border: 6px solid transparent;
border-color: #fff transparent transparent transparent;
}
/* 当选择框打开(活动)时,将箭头指向上方: */
.select-selected.select-arrow-active:after {
border-color: transparent transparent #fff transparent;
top: 7px;
}
/* 设置项目(选项)的样式,包括所选项目: */
.select-items div,.select-selected {
color: #ffffff;
padding: 8px 16px;
border: 1px solid transparent;
border-color: transparent transparent rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) transparent;
cursor: pointer;
}
/* 设置项目(选项)的样式: */
.select-items {
position: absolute;
background-color: DodgerBlue;
top: 100%;
left: 0;
right: 0;
z-index: 99;
}
/* 关闭选择框时隐藏项目: */
.select-hide {
display: none;
}
.select-items div:hover, .same-as-selected {
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
第三步 - 添加 JavaScript:
var x, i, j, l, ll, selElmnt, a, b, c;
/* 查找任何带有 "custom-select" 类的元素: */
x = document.getElementsByClassName("custom-select");
l = x.length;
for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
selElmnt = x[i].getElementsByTagName("select")[0];
ll = selElmnt.length;
/* 对于每个元素,创建一个新的 DIV,它将作为所选项目: */
a = document.createElement("DIV");
a.setAttribute("class", "select-selected");
a.innerHTML = selElmnt.options[selElmnt.selectedIndex].innerHTML;
x[i].appendChild(a);
/* 对于每个元素,创建一个新的 DIV,它将包含选项列表: */
b = document.createElement("DIV");
b.setAttribute("class", "select-items select-hide");
for (j = 1; j < ll; j++) {
/* 对于原始 select 元素中的每个选项,创建一个新的 DIV,它将作为选项项目: */
c = document.createElement("DIV");
c.innerHTML = selElmnt.options[j].innerHTML;
c.addEventListener("click", function(e) {
/* When an item is clicked, update the original select box,
and the selected item: */
var y, i, k, s, h, sl, yl;
s = this.parentNode.parentNode.getElementsByTagName("select")[0];
sl = s.length;
h = this.parentNode.previousSibling;
for (i = 0; i < sl; i++) {
if (s.options[i].innerHTML == this.innerHTML) {
s.selectedIndex = i;
h.innerHTML = this.innerHTML;
y = this.parentNode.getElementsByClassName("same-as-selected");
yl = y.length;
for (k = 0; k < yl; k++) {
y[k].removeAttribute("class");
}
this.setAttribute("class", "same-as-selected");
break;
}
}
h.click();
});
b.appendChild(c);
}
x[i].appendChild(b);
a.addEventListener("click", function(e) {
/* 当选择框被点击时,关闭任何其他选择框,并打开/关闭当前选择框: */
e.stopPropagation();
closeAllSelect(this);
this.nextSibling.classList.toggle("select-hide");
this.classList.toggle("select-arrow-active");
});
}
function closeAllSelect(elmnt) {
/* 将关闭文档中所有选择框的函数,除了当前的选择框: */
var x, y, i, xl, yl, arrNo = [];
x = document.getElementsByClassName("select-items");
y = document.getElementsByClassName("select-selected");
xl = x.length;
yl = y.length;
for (i = 0; i < yl; i++) {
if (elmnt == y[i]) {
arrNo.push(i)
} else {
y[i].classList.remove("select-arrow-active");
}
}
for (i = 0; i < xl; i++) {
if (arrNo.indexOf(i)) {
x[i].classList.add("select-hide");
}
}
}
/* 如果用户单击选择框之外的任意位置,则关闭所有选择框: */
document.addEventListener("click", closeAllSelect);